Joseph a



. 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. A. LONG.

(No Model.)

HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS POR STREET RAILWAY GARS.

Patented Jan. 2, 1894.

me mman. umoannnma coMPANv,

wumneron. D. e.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. A. LONG. RRATRNS AND VRNTILATINR APPARATUS P 0R STREET` RAILWAY GARS.Patented Jan. Z, 1894.

SII

ms Mulan. Ln'HosH/arnms coMPAnv.

NITED 'STATES ATENT erica.

JOSEPH A. LONG, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO AARON I-I. EASTMOND,OF SAME PLACE.

HEATING AND VENTlLATlNG APPARATUS FOR STREET-RAILWAY CARS.

'D SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 511,961, datedJanuary 2, 1894.

Application filed September 29, 1893. Serial No. 486,775. (No model.) t

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH A. LONG, a citizen of the United States,residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, haveinvented an Improvement in Heating and Ventilating Apparatus for Street-Railway Cars, of which the following is a speciiication.

Difficulty has heretofore been experienced in applying a heater to astreet railway car in such a manner as not to interfere with the seatingcapacity of the car, and usually difficulty is experienced in warmingthe ends of the car and in producing a sufficient circulation ofatmosphere through the car for the purposes of ventilation.

My improved heater is made with reference to occupying but a small spaceWithin the car and to the introduction of fresh air in a warm conditionfor the purposes of ventilation. I suspend below the door of the car afire-pot and ash-pit and surround the tire-pot with a guard throughwhich air is admitted to pass up into a chamber around the iire donne,and a double asbestus-lined casing is provided to form an air chamberwithin which air is heated and passed by conduits toward the respectiveends of the car, and the entire heater is beneath the seat and in such aposition that it does not interfere with the seat being occupied bypassengers.

In the drawings, Figure lis a sectional plan at the line ne, of Fig. 2.Fig. 2 is a vertical section at the line y, y, of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is avertical section at the line z, z, of Fig. 1.

In the door A of the car and below the seat B an opening is providedadapted to receive the casting C that is in the form of a frame, andthis is supported by hangers D that rest upon the surface of the iioorand pass in below the frame C and are bolted thereto so as to supportthis frame C reliably from the floor of the car.

The ash-pit E is preferably made of a castwardly projecting fianges tofit upon the top of the ash-pit E, and upon this ring F there is afire-pot L, and the grate G rests upon a bearer or cross bar H that hasan opening for the reception of the central pivot '7 of the grate, andthe grate is adapted to receive a lever handle by which the grate can beshaken when the door 5 is opened.

There are bolts lpassing down through the frame O, the ash-pit ring Fand to the ashpit E, so as to connect the parts firmly together andsuspend them from the frame C; and it is advantageous also to havetheheads of the bolts l above the lugs at the base of the fire dome K soas to bind together the ash-ring, the lire-pot, the frame and the iiredome, and to allow for these parts being easily separated for repairswhenever necessary.

At one side of the lire dome K is a fuel hop per M, the outer end ofwhich is closed by a door N supported by a frame O, andthe door N ispreferably provided with an inner lining 10 with asbestus between thelining and the door so as to prevent thedoor or the frame O beingheated, and this door is sufficiently above the floor A of the car to beaccessible from inside the car for supplying the fuel to the ire thatrests upon the grate G and is Within the fire-pot L. p

From the top of the fire dome K a pipe P passes oft to convey theproducts of combustion; it may be inclined backwardly and pass upthrough a suitable non-conducting inclosure on the inner side of the carbetween one window -and thenext, or such pipe may pass off, as indicatedby the dotted lines P', to one or both ends of the car and enter avertical pipe for the discharge of the products of cornbustion, suchpipe in either instance passing through the roof of the car for saidgases to escape to the external atmosphere.

Around the fire-potL and between the same and the frarne C is a guard Q,preferably in the form of a conical ring having openings at the oppositesides thereof toward the front and back ends of the car for air to passinto this guard and rise up through the openings l1 in the frame C, andabove the frame C is an exterior casingR and an interior casing S. Thesecasings are preferably of sheet metal and the exterior casing R is linedwith asbes-4 IOO tus-paper or similar material at 12 so as to eectuallyprevent the warmth passing out directly from the ire dome into the car,and the interior casing S does not extend up to the top of the casing Rbut terminates near the level of the top of the fire dome K, there beingopenings 16 through the interior casing for the free passage of air fromthe space between the exterior and interior casings into the chamberwhich receives the heat from the tire dome; and I remark that the loweredges of the casings R and S are received into grooves or against angesupon the upper surface of the frame C, and there are openings at 13 thatallow the external atmosphere to pass up between the casings R and S andthrough the openings at the top of the casing S into the air chamberwhere the air is heated from the fire dome K.

It will b e observed that the exterior casing R is adapted to setbeneath the seat Bin the car with a free air space between the top ofthe casing and the under sideot' the seat, and in consequence of thelining of asbestus at l2, the heat is not communicated to the seat, andthis casing R is held between the frame O and the ilue hopper M and theparts are properly connected by suitable bolts and but little heat isconducted to the frame O or to the door N in consequence of thenon-conducting material or lining 12 of the casing, and the lining ofnon-conducting material 10 for the door N.

In street cars it is usual to provide panels or other inclosures belowthe front edge of the seat and between the same and the floor. I availof this space beneath the seat for the introduction of air pipes T whichextend out laterally from the casingR in both directions and either openinto the air space under the seat near the ends of the car or else openthrough registers or other suitable openings in the panels or inclosuresunder the seat, so that the hot air is conveyed to the ends of the caras these portions are always the most difficult to heat, and theconstant inflow of fresh air ventilates the car. thoroughly byconstantly changing the air inclosed within the car. It will now beobserved that when the car is in motion the atmosphere will pass throughthe openings in the conical guard Q and up through the openings l1 into.the air chamber around the ire dome K and that air will also pass upvthrough the openings 13 into the chamber between the exterior casing Rand the interior casing S, so that the air will receive the radiated andconducted heat from the iire within the fire-pot and dome, and that thehot air will pass from the casing through the air pipes T and dischargeinto the car; and a suitable damper may be provided in the smoke-pipefor regulating the'draft and varying the consumption of fuel so as toregulate the temperature of the air passing into the car and therebymaintain the proper heat of the car and ventilate the same by theintroduction of the fresh air.

I do not claim a heater within a street car placed below the seat or inan opening provided in the seat at one side of the car.

I claim as my invention- 1. The frame C supported from the licor of thecar and having openings therein, the iirepot and guard below the frame,the ash-pit and its ring below the fire-pot and bolts passing th roughthe respective parts and by which they are suspended from the frame, aire dome above the frame having a fuel hopper at one side, a casingsurrounding the ire dome, and a door having an opening throughV thecasing to the fuel hopper, and lateral air discharge pipes passingbeneath the seat, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination in aheater for street cars, of an ash-pit, its ringand grate, a firepot above the ring, a guard surrounding the lire-potand having openings toward the front and rear of the car, a frame withopenings, means for supporting the same from the car and bolts forsuspending the parts that are below the frame,a ire dome and fuel hopperand a door for the same, an exterior casing having a lining of asbestusand an interior casing extending part way up and having openings at ornear the top, whereby the air passing upwardly through the openings inthe frame is heated within the casing, air pipes extending laterally andbeneath the seat for the discharge of the heated air, and a iiue for theescape of the products of combustion, substantially as set forth.

3. The Vcombination in a heater for street cars, of a casing adapted toset beneath the seat of the car and having a lining of asbestus orsimilar' material, and air pipes extending laterally from the samebeneath thel car seat, a frame having openings and forming the base forthe casing, a heater supported by the frame and having an ash-pit belowthe heater accessible from outside the car, and a fuel hopper and dooraccessible from within the car, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this 26th day of September,

JOSEPH A. LONG.A Witnesses:

Gno. T. PINCKNEY, A. M. OLIVER.

ICO

